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Robo-advisors are automated online brokerage accounts that employ a passive investment strategy for a relatively low cost. These digital trading platforms offer a modern approach to investing in the stock market and have gained popularity among beginners seeking accessibility and affordability.
Unlike traditional broker services, robo-advisors eliminate the need for expensive human advisors, making them a viable option for a wider range of investors. Investing through a robo-advisor could generate passive income without costly fees diminishing your gains.
Comparing Top Robo-Advisors
The best robo-advisors offer low fees, extensive portfolio options, flexible account types, and easily accessible customer service. With automated investing platforms, you can invest in various assets, including mutual funds, index funds, crypto, etc.
Robo-advisors also offer beginners insight into tax strategies like tax-loss harvesting and tax-efficient investments.
Here are the best robo-advisors (aka automatic investing platforms) that Business Insider's editors picked in 2024.
Betterment Robo-Advisor
Best overall
Betterment is the overall best robo-advisor. It's at the top of our list for being a cost-effective investment platform with a diverse investment selection, tax-efficient investing strategies, account flexibility, and various portfolio options (including cryptocurrency portfolios).
Betterment offers two plans: digital and premium. This robo-advisor also offers access to CFPs, but you can only take advantage of unlimited guidance if you're enrolled in its premium plan. You won't need a minimum amount to set up its digital plan, but you'll need to meet a high minimum deposit requirement for the robo-investing premium plan.
Cons: If you don't have at least $100,000, you won't get unlimited access to a CFP; you'll have to pay for each consultation. Compared to other robo-advisors on this list, Betterment has a lower trustworthiness rating from the BBB.
Fidelity Go
Best for: Beginner Investors
Fidelity Go is the best robo-advisor for beginners that offers low-cost personalized portfolios based on answers from a short questionnaire about risk tolerance, investing goals, and time horizons. Plus, it only has a $0 minimum and generally low fees.
Most robo-advisors use investment funds (ETFs or mutual funds) with expense ratios. One of the best parts about Fidelity Go is that it is also one of the best robo-advisors for low fees. The platform relies on mutual funds (i.e., Fidelity Flex mutual funds) that don't contain expense ratios.
Fidelity Go offers a robust mobile trading experience with access to tax-efficient trading strategies, goal-based financial planning, accessible dashboards, and helpful investment calculators. Fidelity is also one of the safest online brokerages, with top-notch security features and a long history of trustworthiness. You may even be able to access guidance from human advisors.
Cons: Fidelity Go doesn't offer tax-loss harvesting. Accounts over $25,000 must pay a 0.35% advisory fee. You also don't get access to human advisors unless you have at least $25,000 in your account.
Wealthfront Robo-Advisor
Best for: Investment selection
Wealthfront Investing is a pioneer in the robo-advisor space, similar to Betterment. If you have at least $100,000 to invest, you can access Wealthfront's US direct indexing and risk parity investing strategies. Direct indexing allows you to harvest losses on individual stocks to reduce your overall tax liability.
Wealthfront offers socially responsible portfolios, tax-loss harvesting, smart beta investing, and risk parity portfolios. While it's great for those who want exposure to cryptocurrencies, it protects your portfolio against risk by only allowing an allocation of 10% for crypto trusts.
Wealthfront also now offers an automated high-yield bond portfolio which hands-off traders can get a customized low-cost bond ETF portfolio. Wealthfront Automated Bond Portfolio pays a 5.50% yield, which is even higher than Wealthfront's cash account, which pays 4.50% APY.
Cons: Wealthfront does not offer ongoing, one-on-one advisor consultations, and users must spend at least $100,000 to use strategies like direct indexing and risk parity.
SoFi Robo-Advisor
Best for: Low fees
If you're looking for a robo-advisor with relatively low fees and minimums, SoFi® robo-advisor is the way to go. SoFi's low-cost automated trading platform offers several perks: It has a $0 account minimum, doesn't charge any fees, and provides complimentary CFP access. Like several other investment platforms mentioned in this list, you can also invest on your own, thanks to SoFi's active investing accounts.
SoFi Invest is regarded as a reputable investment platform with some of the best security features like multi-factor authentication and rigorous annual testing. SoFi also properly informs investors of potential investment risks.
In addition to automatic portfolio rebalancing and goal planning, the robo-advisor invests your funds into a diversified mix of SoFi and non-SoFi ETFs. SoFi's robo-advisors also support multiple accounts, including individual and joint accounts, traditional IRAs, Roth IRAs, SEP IRAs, and 401(k) rollovers.
Cons: SoFi Active Invest® automated portfolios don't offer tax-loss harvesting.
Charles Schwab Robo-Advisor
Best for: Portfolio diversification
Charles Schwab's most basic automated investing account Schwab Intelligent Portfoliosoffers personalized, self-managing ETF portfolios. While this robo-advisor's account minimum is higher than most other robo-advisors, it makes up for its lack of advisory fees.
As one of the most well-known online brokerages, Schwab is a user-friendly trading platform suitable for beginners and advanced investors. It offers holistic goal-based financial planning and seamless mobile trading tools. Schwab is a safe and secure platform offering investment transparency and user protection against theft and fraud.
The automated accounts also offer automatic rebalancing, which re-adjusts your portfolio's target allocation any time you add or withdraw money. Schwab Intelligent Portfolios gives you access to more than 51 ETFs (including Schwab ETFs) and supports individual and joint accounts, trusts, custodial accounts, and IRAs.
You can even use tax-loss harvesting, but this feature is only available to those with at least $40,000 in their robo accounts. Reducing your tax liability can save you hundreds of dollars every year.
Cons: You'll need at least $5,000 to set up a robo account.
Schwab Intelligent Portfolios review
E*TRADE Robo-Advisor
Best for: Educational resources
E*TRADE Core Portfolios is E*TRADE's robo-advisor, requiring a $500 minimum and a 0.30% annual fee. You get access to tax minimization strategies, top-notch security, and robust investment options (e.g., the ability to automate individual and joint accounts, custodial accounts, and IRAs).
E*TRADE's automated investing mobile app allows commission-free trading of stocks, ETFs, mutual funds, and options. The app lets users manage their money, transfer cash, deposit checks, and pay bills. The robo-advisor also includes Bloomberg TV, which gives investors third-party research and news updates.
Cons: You can't be able to speak with a human advisor unless you've got at least $25,000, and the annual fee exceeds that of many competitors.
Vanguard Robo-Advisor
Best for: Retirement planning
Vanguard Digital Advisor is one of the two automated investing accounts (the Vanguard Personal Advisor Services account is the other option) that online brokerage provides. Vanguard is renowned for its first-rate customer service and user experience.
This robo-advisor mainly allocates your assets across four Vanguard ETFs for easy portfolio diversification and tax-efficient investing. These include the Vanguard Total Stock Market ETF, Vanguard Total International Stock ETF, Vanguard Total Bond Market ETF, and Vanguard Total International Bond ETF. You'll be subject to expense ratios.
In addition, Vanguard Digital Advisor supports individual and joint accounts, traditional IRAs, Roth IRAs, rollover IRAs, and eligible Vanguard-administered 401(k) retirement accounts. The robo-advisor also offers retirement tools and resources like tax-loss harvesting and socially responsible investing options.
Cons: Vanguard Digital Advisor has a $5,000 account minimum.
Vanguard Digital Advisor review
Interactive Advisors Robo-Advisor
Best for: Portfolio Selection
Interactive Advisors is Interactive Brokers' automated investing account. Unlike other cost-effective robo-advisors on this list, Interactive Advisors' fees and minimums are higher. But in exchange, this robo-advisor offers a wide range of portfolio options.
In addition, the robo-investing platform provides four different ETF portfolio options: asset allocation, actively managed, smart beta, and socially responsible. The asset allocation portfolios focus your funds into a diversified portfolio, but Interactive Advisors' actively managed portfolios use the expertise of its team and registered investment advisors (RIAs).
With its smart beta portfolios, you'll gain exposure to a strategy that seeks higher returns, and its socially responsible option (ESG portfolio) invests in companies that positively impact the world.
Cons: Investment minimums and fees for actively managed portfolios are higher. You may need as much as $50,000 to get started with this automated investing platform.
Introduction to Robo-Advisors
Robo-advisors use AI algorithms to customize and manage automated investment portfolios. Investment managers and brokers have been using robo-advisors since the 1980s. But now, consumers can use these robo platforms directly, making investing more affordable and accessible for beginners.
Traditional in-person investment advice can be expensive. Robo-advisor offers a cheaper solution through automated portfolio rebalancing and investment opportunities. Although robo-advice isn't as personalized as advice from human advisors, the average retail investor can now access fundamental investing strategies and knowledge without burning a hole in their wallet.
How Robo-Advisors Work
The algorithms used by robo-advisors were designed to choose investment options that maximize returns for investors without subjecting them to unnecessary risk and fees. Moreover, the AI incorporates your individual risk tolerance, time horizon, and investing goals to customize your portfolio.
Still, robo-advisors require ongoing maintenance and rebalancing to keep investments on track to reach goals. They are typically created by professional financial advisors who implement long-term growth earning and risk-adjusted strategies into the algorithms.
Robo-advisors are secure and trustworthy investment platforms generally created by financial experts. However, make sure you thoroughly research and review a robo-advisor's trustworthiness history and status to ensure the safety of your financial and personal information.
Additional Features and Services
Robo-advisors come with various helpful features and services that help beginners and passive investors make informed investment decisions without being overwhelmed. Some of the best services and features of robo-advisors include automatic rebalancing, access to human advisors, curated ETF portfolios, long-term portfolio projections, and tax-loss harvesting.
Robo-advisors commonly offer top-level security features that match industry standards. These features include encryption technology, third-party testing, risk disclosures, and vetted investments.
Getting Started with a Robo-Advisor
You can open some of the best robo-advisor accounts online or through a traditional brick-and-mortar brokerage firm. Traditional, in-person broker firms are often best suited for higher balances and may charge more fees. Online robo-advisors, however, tend to have much lower costs and are suitable for smaller balances.
You must provide basic personal information to open a robo-advisor investment account. This may include your name, age, address, Social Security number, and bank information. Once you sign up, you can start depositing funds and investing.
The best robo-advisor for you varies depending on your risk tolerance, time horizon, and how much you're willing to invest. You'll also want to research robo-advisors that offer features like tax loss harvesting, automatic portfolio rebalancing, 24/7 customer support, low fees, and socially conscious investing options.
Choosing the Right Robo-Advisor
Robo-advisors are popular automated investment platforms for passive and beginner investors looking for accessible market access and hands-off trading strategies without high fees. A robo-advisor is generally a cost-effective method of investing with little to no additional fees and minimums.
When choosing the right robo-advisor, look for a platform offering diverse investment options and features that best suit your needs, whether for tax-efficient investing with robo-advisors or robo-advisors with human advisor access. Robo investing platforms mainly offer ETFs, but other advisory platforms may also offer other asset classes like stocks, mutual funds, and options.
Robo-Advisor FAQs
Most robo-advisors are low-cost platforms with low to no minimums. It depends on the platform you use. Some robo-advisors (e.g., SoFi Automated Investing, Ally Invest Managed Portfolios, and Schwab Intelligent Portfolios) don't charge any advisor fees. But you may pay monthly fees or percentage-based fees at other robo-advisors.
It may be worth investing with a robo-advisor if you're interested in hands-off (or passive) investing. Robo-advisors consider personal information and individual financial goals to generate investments using an algorithm. But if you have more complex financial goals or prefer an active investing strategy, a robo-advisor may not be the best option.
How much money you need to invest with a robo-advisor varies by platform, but generally, robo-advisors are cost-effective. Some robo-advisors require a minimum investment amount to open an account or stop investing. For example, minimum investments for a robo-advisor can be between $5 to $500. But there are robo-advisors with no minimum requirement to invest and others with much higher minimums.
Robo-advisors can be a great choice for retirement planning with all kinds of investors. Many robo-advisors offer IRAs and tailored retirement saving portfolios implemented with long-term growth strategies. Compare automated investment platforms' fees and offering to ensure you pick the right robo-advisor for retirement planning.
Investments with robo-advisors are generally considered safe as FINRA regulates robo-advisors similarly to other investment apps. Robo-advisors also tend to offer SIPC insurance and are registered with top custodian banks to hold client assets. Research any investment platform to ensure it's equipped with proper security measures and clear any lawsuits or major scandals.
You can withdraw money from a robo-advisor anytime, but individual platforms may set certain limitations or policies. You may also be charged a fee or penalty for withdrawing from certain accounts, such as an IRA.
Robo-advisors handle market volatility by diversifying investment portfolios with a blend of stock and bond ETFs. For example, robo-advisors for socially responsible investing can diversify assets across and within different market sectors. Frequent rebalancing is another key aspect of mitigating market volatility.
Some robo-advisors may offer personalized financial advice from financial experts, but this is not common practice among automated investment platforms. Investors may also be required to pay extra for personalized advice or guidance.
Why You Should Trust Us: Our Expert Panel For The Best Robo-Advisors
We interviewed the following investing experts to see what they had to say about the best robo-advisors.
- Sandra Cho, RIA, wealth manager, and CEO of Pointwealth Capital Management
- Tessa Campbell, Investment and retirement reporter at Personal Finance Insider
What are the advantages/disadvantages of investing through a robo-advisor?
Sandra Cho:
"Advantages include:
- On-demand general guidance: In my experience, robo-advisors are best used as a starting point to determine risk tolerance and get a handle on your financial situation and a broad roadmap to what you need to do. Sometimes you just need a catalyst to get moving in the right direction.
- Simple to use.
- Feeling of control: There is no concern about hurting a person's feelings if you don't take their advice, and you don't feel rushed or pressured."
"Disadvantages of using a robo-advisor
- No one is second-guessing you. Sometimes, you need someone to read between the lines. Maybe you think you are an aggressive investor who can tolerate high risk, but you pull all your money out the minute your portfolio goes down. The risk tolerance result I get if clients complete the questionnaire alone is significantly different from when I walk them through it.
- Lack of EQ, or emotional IQ. EQ is sometimes more important than IQ. It's hard for a robo-advisor also to tell you what you don't know that you don't know. It's hard for a robo-advisor to help you work through concerns, fears, and anxiety and help keep you invested through turbulent markets and life events that inevitably affect your financial path."
Tessa Campbell:
"Robo-advisors do the hard, time-consuming part of investing for you. Once you set your goals, risk tolerance, and time horizon, a robo-advisor can create a customized investment portfolio based on those characteristics. This makes these platforms accessible to beginners and ideal for passive investors.
"Robo-advisors also tend to be the better option for folks wanting low-cost investing as most robo-advisors mainly trade ETFs.
"However, robo-advisors can be limiting. You won't get the same level of control or influence over your assets as you would with self-directed investing or a professionally managed platform. If you want to pick and choose how you invest your money, then a robo-advisor isn't the best option for you."
Who should consider opening a robo-advisor?
Sandra Cho:
"Someone who is a DIY investor and is tech-savvy enough to use the software involved. Larger groups of people need to be processed faster, such as participants in a 401(k) or other retirement plan.
"Investors who have smaller amounts of assets might not have the need for sophisticated financial planning."
Tessa Campbell:
"Robo-advisors are best for beginners and passive investors who don't want to be glued to their computers, watching the ups and downs of the market and trying to decide when is the best time to buy and sell.
"It's also the better option for cost-conscious investors. With a robo-advisor, you can easily and affordably get exposure to different sectors of the market with low-cost ETFs. This way, you're paying the price of individual stocks."
Is there any advice you'd offer someone who's considering opening a robo-advisor?
Sandra Cho:
"1) Treat it like a starting point, not the endpoint.
2) Find a good one. Not all robo-advisors are the same. Like financial advisors, there are good and bad ones.
3) Be aware of the investments you have, and do not have, through the robo-advisor you use. For example, if you are using a robo-advisor at a particular investment company, that robo-advisor will likely limit their recommendation to the mutual funds or other investments of only that company."
Tessa Campbell:
"Make sure to compare all the robo-advisor options before opening an account. Not all robo-advisor provide the same investment options, account types, or features. And while many robo-advisors have low-trading fees and account minimums, not all of them do, so make sure you know what you're getting into before opening a brokerage account with an automated investment platform.
"On a different note, make sure that you still frequently monitor your investment portfolio. Although you won't do much on the day-to-day, it's important to update your portfolio based on your current goals, financial situation, and market performance."
Methodology: How to Choose a Robo-Advisor
Business Insider's methodology for rating investment platforms was used to analyze and compare dozens of robo-advisor platforms. The best robo-advisor platforms feature some of the lowest fees, multiple portfolio types, human advisor access, and excellent customer service.
We also favored platforms that offered a range of other features and products, such as tax-loss harvesting and flexible account types. Investment platforms are rated between 1 and 5.
Sofi Active Invest: Investments are not FDIC-insured - Are not bank-guaranteed - May lose value
